The detective_quantum_efficiency (DQE)is defined as the
     square of the signal-to-noise ratio in the recording device
     divided by the square of the signal-to-ratio in the electron beam:
            (SIGNAL/NOISE)2 recording device
   DQE =    -------------------------------
            (SIGNAL/NOISE)2 electron beam
   A DQE value of 1 indicates a perfect recorder. "DQE = 0.25" menas
   that the signal-to-noise ratio is reduced by half in the
   recording step.
        (0.5)**2
  DQE = --------- = 0.25.
         (1.0)**2